How to lay ceramic tiles on the floor

People who have started renovating their apartment or private house must know how the tiles are laid on the floor. It should be noted that tile work is one of the most difficult, since they require the presence of some knowledge.

Schematic devices cover the skirt.

Laying on the floor

In this case, you can lay out not only ceramic tile or porcelain stoneware. Also suitable are materials from polystyrene, slag-glass, polyvinyl chloride, xylolite others. However, most often used ceramic glazed tiles.

Popular sizes are 20x30 cm and 30x30 cm. In some cases, the tiling in the bathroom is laid on a smaller floor. Tiles can be in the form of a square, rectangle or circle.

Technical characteristics of bathroom tiles.

To date, a large number of different tiles can be found on the market, but it is important not to make a mistake when choosing. Not all material of the same quality. For a floor basis, it is recommended to purchase special material that is produced by reliable companies. There are the following requirements for the quality of the material:

• water resistance;
• strength and hardness;
• resistance to cleaning agents;
• durability.

You should also pay attention to the edges of the tile: they should be even.

Instructions

The first step is to determine how the tile will lie: exactly, diagonally, in checkerboard order, etc. You will need to prepare a sketch if you plan to use different color shades. It is most difficult to lay the first tile and the entire first row. It is from him will depend on the appearance of the floor base as a whole. It is recommended first to lay out the material on the floor and see how it will look.

To lay tiles on the floor in the bathroom you will need to prepare the following tools and materials:

Tools for laying tiles in the bathroom.

• adhesive mixture;
• a container for mixing the glue;
• notched trowel;
• trowel made of rubber;
• building level;
• devices for cutting tiles on the floor;
• roulette;
• ruler;
• a simple pencil;
• sponge;
• crosses made of plastic;
• lighthouses

The sequence of actions for laying the material is as follows:

1. First of all, the surface is prepared.
2. Next, the floor markings are done.
3. Устанавливаются lighthouses
4. Adhesive mixes.
5. Apply glue.
6. At this stage you will need to put the tile.
7. At the end, seams are erased.

During the selection of tiles, the following nuances should be considered:

1. Material from different lots may differ in color. In some cases, the color may differ even in the tiles of one batch.
2. It happens that the material has chipped the corners or the extreme parts.

Substrate preparation

Options for laying tiles.

From the room where it is planned to put the tile, you will need to remove all the furniture, dismantle the plinth. Using the building level, you will need to align the entire floor base. There are a lot of ways of leveling. For example, you can make a screed made of concrete or pour the base with polymeric materials. The surface on which the tile is to be laid should be firm, clean and dry.

Далее нужно будет выполнить разметку пола и установить lighthouses В данном случае может быть несколько вариантов. Все будет зависеть от того, как планируется располагать плитку. Укладку можно начинать с середины комнаты, из угла или от стенок. Рекомендуется разделить помещение на одинаковые сегменты, материал лучше всего выкладывать по намеченным линиям. Таким образом можно будет добиться хорошей симметричности напольного основания.

Mounting beacons is necessary in case there is an uneven screed made of concrete. You need to select the highest location of the surface and set the lighthouse. At this level, you can align all the material. To determine the highest location, you should use a cord that is pulled from a point in the center of the room.

Mixing of glue

If the material is planned to be spread on cement glue, it is recommended to apply it directly to the floor. After that, it is leveled with a spatula with denticles.

It is recommended to distribute the adhesive no more than 1 m² at a time.

Layout of tiling on the floor.

The next step is laying the tiles on the floor, which is covered with glue. It will take a little pressure on the material, so that the adhesive mixture gets out slightly from under it. In the process, it is necessary to use dividing crosses in order to have the same distance between the tiles. If the distance should be different, then you should use crosses of different sizes. Pressing on the tile is leveled using the building level. Surplus of the adhesive mixture is cleaned with a sponge.

After that, grouting is carried out. Seams between the material will need to be cleaned and washed, if necessary. Next, you need to dilute the grout (or ordinary cement), then rub it with a spatula of rubber into the seams between the tiles. Surplus of the grout is removed with a sponge.

Base of wood

If the floor is made of wood in the room, the way of laying the tiles on the floor will be different. Laying tiles can only be made if the floor is made of very strong boards. The material can not be laid on the floor, which creaks and croaks under your feet. The first thing you need to prepare it. To do this, remove the top boards. The space under them will have to be covered with expanded clay. A blackboard is installed on the logs, after which it is fixed using self-tapping screws.

After this, a gypsum board substrate is installed. In this case, you can use cement-particle boards. Joints must be filled with construction foam. After that, the floor will need to be primed. At this stage it is possible to lay tiles on the floor.

If the main surface of the tree is in good condition, but it is not too smooth, then it is recommended to use chipboard.

To cut the tile, you need to use such devices as:

1. Water saw or electric tile cutting machine.
2. A saw that is attached to a drill.
3. Bulgarian or saw with a diamond disc.
4. Hand tiles (if you need to cut a small amount of material).
5. Hacksaw for ceramic works.
6. Glass cutter. This tool is most often used in domestic conditions.

Methods of cutting tiles

To cut the material with a glass cutter, you will need to draw a line of the cut, then draw it with a tool, pressing it hard. It will be necessary to slightly knock the head of the glass cutter on the back of the material in the area of ​​its cut, then break the tile.

To cut the tile with a hand tile, you need to insert the material into a special hole, fix it, cut it with a special wheel, and then break it in the place of the cut. In this case, the extremities of the material will be sharp. Such a device can increase the speed of work, but it can not cut strips less than 5 mm thick. In some cases, the extremities of the material may turn out to be uneven, and therefore they should be ground.

In the case of using an electric tool with a diamond disc, the cuts will be straight, and the extreme parts of the tile will be smooth and rounded.

With the help of this device you can make both smooth and curved slits. However, it is quite difficult to use such a tool.

Electric tile cutting machine can provide high cutting speed. With its help you can cut even tiles of small sizes. It is important to observe safety procedures in the course of work. The drawback of the instrument is that it is expensive.

Talking about how to put a tile, you should know that it is not difficult to do this if you follow a sequence of actions.